
AUD/USD trades at 0.7056. The Australian Dollar is holding firm against the US Dollar following the Federal Reserve's decision to leave interest rates unchanged, even as US inflation remains well above its 2% target. Two members opposed the decision, favouring a quarter-percentage-point increase.

Rates remained at 3.75%–4% after Wednesday's Fed decision. Fed Governor Lisa Cook and Cleveland Fed President Beth Hammack dissented, voting instead for a 25-basis-point increase.
Describing economic activity as expanding, the Fed said domestic spending “has been resilient, that productivity growth is strong and that capital investment is robust,” and highlighted strong productivity growth. On its employment mandate, the central bank stated: “Job gains have kept pace with the workforce, and the unemployment rate has changed little.”
Although inflation remains elevated, the central bank opted against raising rates. It is gathering further information to assess the appropriate policy stance.

Interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) are a major influence on the Australian Dollar (AUD). For resource-rich Australia, the price of iron ore, its largest export, is another important driver. Other influences include the economic health of China, Australia's largest trading partner, alongside domestic inflation, economic growth and the trade balance. Investor appetite for risk also matters. A shift towards riskier assets, known as risk-on, supports AUD, while a move towards safe havens is known as risk-off.
By setting the interest rate at which Australian banks can lend to one another, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) affects borrowing costs across the economy and influences the Australian Dollar (AUD). Its primary objective is to keep inflation stable at 2-3%, using rate increases or reductions. Rates that are relatively high compared with those set by other major central banks support AUD; relatively low rates have the reverse effect. Quantitative easing and tightening provide additional ways for the RBA to shape credit conditions. Easing is negative for AUD, while tightening is positive.
As Australia's largest trading partner, China has a substantial influence on the Australian Dollar (AUD). A strong Chinese economy buys more Australian raw materials, goods and services, increasing demand for AUD and lifting its value. When China's growth falls short of expectations, the reverse applies. Surprises in Chinese growth figures, whether positive or negative, therefore often affect the Australian Dollar and its currency pairs directly.
$118 billion a year is the value of Australia's iron ore exports, according to 2021 data. Iron ore is the country's largest export, with China its principal destination, making its price an important potential driver of the Australian Dollar. Rising iron ore prices generally lift AUD by increasing overall demand for the currency, while falling prices have the reverse effect. Higher prices also tend to increase the likelihood of an Australian trade surplus, providing further support for AUD.
Export earnings minus import expenditure make up a country's trade balance, another influence on the Australian Dollar's value. Strong overseas demand for Australian exports can lift the currency when demand from foreign buyers exceeds Australia's spending on imports. A positive net trade balance therefore strengthens AUD, whereas a negative balance has the opposite effect.