
The Fed’s direction of travel is “straightforward,” with the pace still in question, Richmond Federal Reserve President Thomas Barkin said during an appearance on SiriusXM Business Briefing on Friday.
Describing a gradual approach to interest rates as “a good way to go,” Barkin also relayed businesses’ concerns that cost pressures had become more widespread. After years of high inflation, he said, companies argued that they needed to increase prices.
For the Fed, the direction of travel is "straightforward"; the pace remains the question
For now, proceeding gradually is a good course
American businesses face substantial cost pressures
After years of elevated inflation, businesses can more readily make the case for raising prices
Despite relatively flat incomes, consumer spending has proved surprisingly resilient
Supply chains have come under pressure from the surge in AI investment, adding to inflation
The demand-side inflation generated by AI investment is the kind of pressure the Fed can act against
According to business owners, demand is still solid; weakness is confined to non-profits and the housing sector
Cost pressures are widespread, businesses report
Plans are being drawn up by businesses to pass those costs on to customers

Against the major currencies listed below, the US Dollar (USD) recorded its strongest performance versus the Euro today. The table sets out the dollar’s percentage changes against each currency.
| USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD | 0.16% | -0.15% | -0.13% | -0.22% | -0.09% | -0.01% | -0.16% | |
| EUR | -0.16% | -0.31% | -0.30% | -0.38% | -0.25% | -0.17% | -0.32% | |
| GBP | 0.15% | 0.31% | 0.02% | -0.06% | 0.04% | 0.13% | -0.01% | |
| JPY | 0.13% | 0.30% | -0.02% | -0.07% | 0.05% | 0.12% | -0.01% | |
| CAD | 0.22% | 0.38% | 0.06% | 0.07% | 0.12% | 0.20% | 0.06% | |
| AUD | 0.09% | 0.25% | -0.04% | -0.05% | -0.12% | 0.08% | -0.06% | |
| NZD | 0.00% | 0.17% | -0.13% | -0.12% | -0.20% | -0.08% | -0.14% | |
| CHF | 0.16% | 0.32% | 0.00% | 0.01% | -0.06% | 0.06% | 0.14% |
Percentage movements between the major currencies are displayed in the heat map. Select the base currency in the left-hand column and the quote currency along the top row. Selecting the US Dollar on the left, for instance, and following its row across to the Japanese Yen gives the percentage change for USD (base)/JPY (quote) in the corresponding cell.